Data

Here you can find some of the historical data sets we have been gathering during the last few years.

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Number of male and female children (aged 0–9), Europe 1841-1911

• 23,260 observations: 21 countries, 1,080 regional units, 10 age-groups

• Extracted from the corresponding population censuses. Coverage varies depending on country and year.

• Data and Shapefile (European regions, circa 1880)

Figure 1: Example of source material (1881 Italian Census) and child sex ratios (0–4) circa 1880.

Reference:

Beltrán Tapia, F. J. (2019), Sex ratios and missing girls in late-19th-century Europe, European Historical Economics Society Working Paper 160.

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1860 Spanish Population Census

District-level information (464 observations; partido judicial) on:

• Literacy and education: schoolteachers (male and female), school enrollment (boys and girls) and literacy rates (ability to read and write) for men and women. Data

• Occupations: number of individuals working on different occupational groups (i.e. landowners, landless labourers, tenants, factory workers, miners, artisans, liberal occupations, clergy, army, etc.). Data

• Age structure, marital status and migrants: number of males and females classified by age-group (i.e. 0–1, 1–5, 6–10, etc.), number of singles, married and widows (by sex) and number of migrants (transeuntes). Data

• Settlement pattern: number of households and municipalities plus the number of different type of settlements (i.e. ciudades, villas, lugares, aldeas, grupos and caseríos). Data

• Shapefile with administrative boundaries.

Figure 2: Example of source material and literacy rates, 1860.

References:

• Beltrán Tapia, F. J. and Martínez-Galarraga, J. (2018), Inequality and education in pre-industrial economies: Evidence from Spain, Explorations in Economic History 69 (2018): 81–101.

• Beltrán Tapia, F. J. and Gallego-Martínez, D. (2020), What explains the missing girls in 19th-century Spain?, Economic History Review 73, 1 (2020): 59–77.